Audience Research

weekly update 2

This week has been a bad week for the group. Due to personal reasons, Gemma (the third member of our group) has decided to leave the college, leaving Samuel and I to complete the project on our own. This may prove to be a huge strain as our workload has just dramatically increased, but hopefully we will be able to cope!

Andrew Goodwin Theory Applied to 'Rihanna - Unfaithful'

1. Music videos demonstrate genre characteristics (e.g. stage performance in metal video, dance routine for boy/girl band)


Rihanna is arguably the biggest female pop-star of the modern day. She has a diverse style, and ranges from house produced songs, to typical R&B songs. This diversity is apparent in her wide range of music videos. The song 'Unfaithful' is a typical R&B video, containing many aspects that an audience would commonly expect. There are lots of close ups of the artists face, lots of body shots, and lots of extreme close-ups depicting emotion throughout the video. On top of this, another feature commonly seen in female R&B videos is provocative shots of the artist, another aspect demonstrated in this video. 




























2. There is a relationship between lyrics and visuals


Rihanna- Unfaithful Lyrics

Story of my life

Searching for the right

But it keeps avoiding me

Sorrow in my soul

Cause it seems that wrong

Really loves my company

He's more than a man

And this is more than love

The reason that the sky is blue

The clouds are rolling in

Because I'm gone again

And to him I just can't be true

And I know that he knows I'm unfaithful

And it kills him inside

To know that I am happy with some other guy

I can see him dying

I don't wanna do this anymore

I don't wanna be the reason why

Everytime I walk out the door

I see him die a little more inside

I don't wanna hurt him anymore

I don't wanna take away his life

I don't wanna be...

A murderer

I feel it in the air

As I'm doing my hair

Preparing for another date

A kiss upon my cheek

As he reluctantly

Asks if I'm gonna be out late

I say I won't be long

Just hanging with the girls

A lie I didn't have to tell

Because we both know

Where I'm about to go

And we know it very well

Cause I know that he knows I'm unfaithful

And it kills him inside

To know that I am happy with some other guy

I can see him dying

I don't wanna do this anymore

I don't wanna be the reason why

Everytime I walk out the door

I see him die a little more inside

I don't wanna hurt him anymore

I don't wanna take away his life

I don't wanna be...

A murderer

Our love, his trust

I might as well take a gun and put it to his head

Get it over with

I don't wanna do this

Anymore

Uh

Anymore (anymore)

I don't wanna do this anymore

I don't wanna be the reason why

And everytime I walk out the door

I see him die a little more inside

And I don't wanna hurt him anymore

I don't wanna take away his life

I don't wanna be...

A murderer (a murderer)

No no no no

Yeah yeah yeah

In the case of Unfaithful, the lyrics are rather contradicting to the video itself. In the video, Rihanna's partner appears to have no idea what is going on around him, and seems none the wiser that she is being 'unfaithful'. This, of course, relates to Goodwin's theory that lyrics either illustrate, amplify or contradict the music video. 

"I don't wanna do this anymore, I don't wanna be the reason why" however, is clearly illustrated, if not amplified in the video. The audience can see a closeup of Rihanna's face, and can see tears rolling down her cheeks. This not only shows the lyrics bonds with the video, and Rihanna's emotion, 

Andrew Goodwin Theory Explained

Andrew Goodwin writing in ‘Dancing in the Distraction Factory’ (Routledge 1992)

1. Music videos demonstrate genre characteristics (e.g. stage performance in metal video, dance routine for boy/girl band).
2. There is a relationship between lyrics and visuals (either illustrative, amplifying, contradicting).
3. There is a relationship between music and visuals (either illustrative, amplifying, contradicting).
4. The demands of the record label will include the need for lots of close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motifs which recur across their work (a visual style).
5. There is frequently reference to notion of looking (screens within screens, telescopes, etc) and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body.
6. There is often intertextual reference (to films, tv programmes, other music videos etc).

Magazine Ad Research

Fitting with my analysis of a Rihanna digipak, I have decided to research a magazine ad for her previous album. Rihanna has been at the pinnacle of success in the music industry for the past few years, and each of her albums have ended up being a worldwide hit. This is undoubtedly influenced by the smart use of advertisement by her PR team, as we can see from the following album advert.

The album, Rated R, was released in the U.K on 23rd November 2009. It was Rihanna's fourth studio album, and bought even more success than anticipated. It has been argued that Rihanna's success is the doing of the hard work put in by the marketing and advertising team that works with the artist. The advert is predominantly black and white, probably to correspond with the black and white theme in the album cover. It is visually easy on the eye, and is focused around the large image of Rihanna herself.

It is important for the advert to appeal to an audience of all ages. Although Rihanna's main target audience is that of 16-24 year old females, an audience of all ages and gender will be catered for. This is due to Rihanna's worldwide appeal she has built her success on.

The image of Rihanna is the focus of the advert, this is important as the audience need to be able to recognise what the advert is going to be about. Now the audience knows it is an advert for Rihanna, they can now notice the title of the album- 'Rated R', and the fact it is her "new album". This is all still in black and white, but is now changed when the audience is giving two previously popular hits that are on the album 'Russian Roulette' and 'Hard'. These are probably in red to draw attention, as if the listener has liked one of those songs, they will be more enticed to buy the whole album, another good marketing technique displayed.

The magazine advert is something I can easily gain inspiration from as it is extremely fitting with the album cover, which is something I'm going to be interested in doing. It is extremely simple, but done to perfection so it looks sleek and approachable. It is also made clear which artist is being advertised, which is something I'm going to have to do in order to achieve top marks.

Analysis of Album Cover Art

Digipaks are now a common aspect of artist profiles. Artists often let their Digipaks express themselves, and it gives the audience a deeper insight into the minds of the artist. 

The Gorillaz Digipak

The band 'Gorillaz' use digitally created characters to represent themselves in videos, and even sometimes in public appearances (holographic images of the characters are often projected). This is then continued into their digipak design, and we see each of the characters faces taking up a leaf of the digipak. 

Rihanna Loud Digipak

Rihanna's 'Loud' digipak has a reoccurring motif throughout of the colour red. The hair, the lipstick, and the roses are all a vivid red colour, and the pictures of herself allow the audience to establish that it is Rihanna, no matter what part of the digipak they are viewing. The CD overlay is the inside of a rose, linking to the roses on the inside of the digipak, once more keeping the same theme throughout. Roses commonly connote love, maybe Rihanna is using symbolism, saying that love is loud, and maybe that love is louder than words!

Auteur Theory- Hype Williams

Hype Williams is one of the biggest music video directors in the hip-hop scene. Having collaborated with such a wide range of artists (Kanye West, Beyonce, Jamie Foxx, LL Cool J, Notorious BIG, Jay Z, Coldplay, Christina Aguilera) he is now widely recognised amongst people in the industry, and has won several awards for his work, his biggest awards being: 'BET Award for Best Director for Kanye West- Gold Digger' and the 'MTV Video Vanguard Award'. He has lots of plaudits for his work, however he also has recieved some heavy criticism. 

The video for Gold Digger contains one of Hype's signature styles. This style involves a centralised camera, focusing on the artist's upper body and a solid colour backing, with a softer, differentiating colour light in the background, creating a sense of illumination. This style can be seen in some of Hype's other videos, such as Video Phone by Beyonce, and Digital Girl by Jamie Foxx.

Another of Hype's signature styles is the use of a shot, within a shot. So the main shot is centre screen, but in the upper and lower bars of the frame is a split shot. This can be seen in Ne-Yo's video for So Sick:

Hype Williams has a big following in the hip-hop industry, and is loved by many, however, he does also have his critiques. The Complex Media blog slates the video for Lil' Wayne's '6 foot 7 foot' video, and also believes he didn't do 'All Of The Lights' by Kanye West any justice either. 

"Recently, we voiced how disappointing Kanye West‘s “All of the Lights” video is. “6 foot, 7 foot,”which happens to also be directed by Hype Williams, seems to follow a trend of his… videos full of unrelated concepts and total disconnection throughout. Apparently, Lil’ Wayne and Hype decided to do the lamest job possible in using the movie Inception as their inspiration for this video."

This quote from The Complex Media blog shows just how dissapointed they (the fans) are with some of Hype's videos, and say his concepts are unrelated, and often disconnected. I can agree with this statement, however I think personally that the unrelated concepts help add to the videos, and makes them slightly more visually appealing, and therefore more interesting. 

This huge range of visual style, and different imagery used by Hype Williams can draw as a huge inspiration for my music video. He is very artistic, and tends to be quite articulate in his work, something I think is hugely important to make a music video successful. Also in such videos as All Of The Lights by Kanye West, a huge majority of people know the song because of the video, something which I think is a monumental feat to achieve!